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Ken R KNopp
03-01-2008, 10:21 PM
Many years ago in the course of research for my saddle books I came across the artifact pictured below. A Confederate carbine sling made of Spanish Moss. The owner told me he got the sling on a trade with the carbine (a “Confederate marked” cut down Belgian musket) many years before but could not tell me much more about it. As accoutrements were not the focus of my effort at the time I did not give it any more thought. Yet, I did have the good fortune to get the one photograph of it. The owner soon thereafter died and the artifact was subsequently launched into obscurity. In spite of my best efforts to find it now it has never been seen again.
For quite some time I have been working on an article entitled, THE CONFEDERATE ISSUE CAVALRY CARBINE SLING that is now awaiting publication at a popular Civil War periodical. When I sat down to work on the carbine sling article I, of course began to study my one photograph of this unique artifact. My previous research on the Confederate Spanish Moss saddle blanket told me that this native grown Southern product was used for stuffing furniture, mixing with plasters and mortar and, made into other items including components of horse equipment, clothing and belts! I learned that in the 18th and 19th centuries the use of Spanish Moss products was akin to a poor man’s leather. I must add here that while I have found miles of documentation in the Confederate record on the manufacture and use of Spanish Moss blankets and mats I have never seen any written word on their making carbine slings of this material. But, throughout all of my years of gathering primary documentation I NEVER looked for it either.
A study of this photo provided me some speculative observations. Most noteworthy was the iron frame buckle. Similar hand forged buckles have occasionally been dug in CS sites. Being a hopeless “hardware junkie” and having observed and obtained several of these over the years I discovered a common appearance and interestingly, an interior width that exactly corresponds to the ordnance manual’s prescribed width for carbine sling buckles (albeit in brass so one has to accept forged iron as a Confederate expediency). With the exception of artillery harness breeching and hip straps (where horse shoe shaped buckles would be more likely) their two and one half inch width (and frame appearance) do not readily correspond to any other piece of equipment “except” for carbine slings.
From my previous research I know that the Confederacy made saddle blankets/mats and artillery horse collars of Spanish Moss and, I know that other accoutrements were made of other expediencies such as folded and enameled cloth so, despite this one photograph I can only speculate about the possibilities of the South making carbine slings of Spanish Moss. It seems possible that some were made. Perhaps the arsenals made a few or more likely, some were contract made as were many Confederate articles. At any rate, while admitting any provenance is, at best circumstantial, here is something I have been experimenting with....Spanish Moss carbine slings.
Through the uncommon skill, dedication, labor and graciousness of Dawn Klug (who makes the repro Confederate Spanish Moss blankets and mats for Glen Pier Depot), I tried my hand at reproducing this carbine sling. The first is a copy of the original moss carbine sling. It should be noted that my repro has hand forged buckles (courtesy Doug Kidd) and a “keeper” like the original. I am not sure of the purpose of the keeper but some experimentation while on horseback may provide the answer. The second is a Spanish Moss reproduction of the web carbine sling worn by the Texas private pictured in EOG, the Confederacy, Page 147. On it, I used reproduction English import “London” leather (courtesy David Jarnagin) for the billets, chapes, etc. In both cases I used a Federal link strap snap hook and a portion of a snaffle bit for the sling hook.
I post these here for “kicks” and comments.


Ken R Knopp

VaTrooper
03-02-2008, 09:18 AM
Good work Ken. I talked to Karl a month or so ago and he had been searching for ways to use the scrap pieces of moss but I'm not sure if he had any documented uses as of then. He did have a couple of good ideas though.

FloridaConfederate
03-02-2008, 09:25 AM
Mr. Knopp,

As one who has a keen interest in CS man, method and material esp cavalry, I want to say thanks for all the killer research you bring out.

I descend from Florida Confederate Cavalry soldiers and know for a fact my ancestors, including my great grandmother (who I knew and she told me) collected Spanish Moss (Tillandsia usneoides) for the automobile industry, Ford in particular to use for seat stuffing.

Having read your fine work on CS saddle blankets I often wonder who within their social circles knew/practiced the art of this sort of weaving.

Great stuff.

Ross L. Lamoreaux
03-02-2008, 11:22 AM
Once again, outstanding research, Ken. I can't wait for the full article. By the way, have you come across any references to Spanish moss being woven into waist belts or other kinds of slings and belts?

Ken R KNopp
03-03-2008, 10:52 PM
Q: By the way, have you come across any references to Spanish moss being woven into waist belts or other kinds of slings and belts?

A: Of Confederate manufacture or use? In short, no or, at least I have no documentation of it. As a common pre-war civilian application in some parts of the south? yes.
Spanish Moss grew everywhere in the deep south in the 18th and 19th centuries. Much, much more widespread in fact, than it is seen today (due to a blight which obliterated much of it in the early 20th century). Like the “mother of invention” the people of the period learned creative ways to adopt it. Spanish moss became a very popular facilitator to many useful applications. In addition to being used in mortar and as stuffing for furniture it was spun and woven into many forms and civilian usages including bridles, reins, girths, saddle blankets, horse collars, belts and some types of clothing including the tops of shoes. It was quite obviously a common economic alternative to more expensive leather- at least in some regions of the south.
We hope to try some civilian type girths and other items of this material.

Thank you!

Ken R Knopp

Spinster
03-04-2008, 02:54 AM
Ken, as usual its fabulous to see yet another application of your research and Dawn's able hands.

Here recently I had reason to string a laundry line at a living history, a nice long length of two ply cordage---some of Dawn's early spinning on this ongoing moss project.

I handed it to a tall man a few years my senior, to put up for me, and saw him looking at it in delight. He recognized the line for what it was and said quietly "Daddy said if I did not straighten up and pay attention in school and try to make something out of myself, I would not be even be fit for work as a moss picker" .

I've often said that everyone ought to pick a day of cotton, or hand wash a whole sheep fleece in a washpot , so they will know what work is. Having gathered and built a couple of moss piles, I ought to add that to the list. We won't even talk about how nasty the stuff is to spin. :p

tompritchett
03-04-2008, 08:12 AM
I've often said that everyone ought to pick a day of cotton, or hand wash a whole sheep fleece in a washpot , so they will know what work is.

In college as an undergraduate I had a lab director who used to tell that, when Marshall was going for his PhD at Vanderbilt University, he would come back home every summer totally burned out from his studies, swearing that he was through with graduate school. Marshall's father would never say a word, but instead had Marshall work the tobacco fields with him all summer. It never falled, after working tobacco all summer, Marshall had a renewed vigor to complete his studies because, as he said it, there was no way in H*ll that he was going to work tobacco for the rest of his life. My wife grew up helping here father grow tobacco and I spent several summers raising money for college by cutting tobacco, so I understand a little of what he meant.

81stILPvt
03-10-2008, 11:41 AM
I was told that Spanish moss had some sort of insect living in it that made you itch like crazy. I also heard that was the reason Henry Ford quit using it as seat stuffing. I guess Spinster would have a lot more experience with the moss, having spun it before than I ever would. It is very interesting that they would make slings out of it as I didn't think that it would be a very strong material. Then again I've only had the chance of seeing/handling it a few times.

FloridaConfederate
03-10-2008, 12:34 PM
Chiggers / redbugs get in it..but it is the in the stuff fallen on the ground not alive still hanging in the trees.

Spinster
03-10-2008, 06:00 PM
In order to spin and weave the moss--or use it for stuffing for that matter, it must first go through a 'retting' process.

Large piles of moss are built, and kept wet, until a heat process sets up, rather like a compost pile. The green outer core of the moss rots away, leaving a fine black fiber, very similar in feel and look to horsehair.

The same process that rots the outer core also kills off the red bugs/chiggers.